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Operation Mockingbird
Between 1948 and the mid-1970s, the Central Intelligence Agency cultivated paid and unpaid working relationships with American journalists, editors, and publishers across every major U.S. news organization. The architect was an OSS veteran named Frank Wisner. He called the network the 'Mighty Wurlitzer' — a theatre-organ metaphor for a machine that could play many instruments from a single console. The full scope was confirmed by the 1975 Church Committee, expanded upon in Carl Bernstein's 25,000-word 1977 Rolling Stone investigation, and partly declassified since. What the records have not yet given up is the operational name everyone agrees was attached to it.
COINTELPRO
Between 1956 and 1971, the Federal Bureau of Investigation ran a counter-intelligence program against Americans. Not foreign agents — Americans. The targets were Martin Luther King Jr., Malcolm X, the Black Panther Party, the American Indian Movement, the Students for a Democratic Society, the Communist Party, the Ku Klux Klan, and dozens of others. The methods included blackmail, forged letters, planted informants, and — in at least one documented case — collaboration in a killing. The program stayed secret until eight people walked into an FBI office in Pennsylvania on the night of a heavyweight title fight.
MK-Ultra
Between 1953 and 1973, the Central Intelligence Agency ran one of the most ambitious — and least restrained — human-experimentation programs in American history. The goal was mind control. The subjects rarely knew they were subjects. By the time the public found out, most of the records had been burned.
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